{"id":1771,"date":"2016-01-25T13:28:28","date_gmt":"2016-01-25T13:28:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.uakron.edu\/weeks\/?page_id=1771"},"modified":"2016-01-27T20:54:36","modified_gmt":"2016-01-27T20:54:36","slug":"evolution-2000","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.uakron.edu\/weeks\/sample-page\/evolution-2000\/","title":{"rendered":"Evolution, 2000"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Abstract<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Androdioecy is an uncommon form of reproduction in which males coexist with hermaphrodites.\u00a0 Androdioecy is thought to be difficult to evolve in species that regularly inbreed.\u00a0 The freshwater shrimp, Eulimnadia texana, has recently been described as both androdioecious and highly selfing and is thus anomalous.\u00a0 Inbreeding depression is one factor that may maintain males in these populations.\u00a0 Herein we examine the extent of &#8220;late&#8221; inbreeding depression (near sexual maturity) in these clam shrimp using two tests: (a) comparing the fitness of shrimp varying in their levels of individual heterozygosity from two natural populations which differ in overall genetic diversity, and (b) specifically outcrossing and selfing shrimp from these same populations and comparing fitness of the resulting offspring. The effects of inbreeding differed within each population.\u00a0 In the more genetically diverse population, fecundity, size and mortality was significantly reduced in inbred shrimp.\u00a0 In the less genetically diverse population, none of the fitness measures was significantly lowered in selfed shrimp.\u00a0 Combining estimates of early inbreeding depression from a previous study with current estimates of late inbreeding depression suggests that inbreeding depression is substantial (d = 0.68) in the more diverse population and somewhat lower in the less diverse population (d = 0.50).\u00a0 However, given that males have higher mortality rates than hermaphrodites, neither estimate of inbreeding depression is large enough to account for the maintenance of males in either population by inbreeding depression alone.\u00a0 Thus, the stability of androdioecy in this system is likely only if hermaphrodites are unable to self-fertilize many of their own eggs when not mated to a male or if male mating success is generally high (or at least high when males are rare).\u00a0 Patterns of fitness responses in the two populations were consistent with the hypothesis that inbreeding depression is caused by partially recessive deleterious alleles, although a formal test of this hypothesis still needs to be conducted in these shrimp.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Abstract Androdioecy is an uncommon form of reproduction in which males coexist with hermaphrodites.\u00a0 Androdioecy is thought to be difficult to evolve in species that regularly inbreed.\u00a0 The freshwater shrimp, Eulimnadia texana, has recently been described as both androdioecious and highly selfing and is thus anomalous.\u00a0 Inbreeding depression is one factor that may maintain males [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2555,"featured_media":0,"parent":7,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-full-width.php","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1771","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.uakron.edu\/weeks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1771","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.uakron.edu\/weeks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.uakron.edu\/weeks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.uakron.edu\/weeks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2555"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.uakron.edu\/weeks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1771"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.uakron.edu\/weeks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1771\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3271,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.uakron.edu\/weeks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1771\/revisions\/3271"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.uakron.edu\/weeks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.uakron.edu\/weeks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1771"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}